Jan Sobieski: The King Who Saved Europe

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Andrew Wheatcroft (2009). The Enemy at the Gate: Habsburgs, Ottomans and the Battle for Europe. Random House. p.120. ISBN 978-1-4090-8682-6. F. L. Carsten (1961). The New Cambridge Modern History: Volume 5, The Ascendancy of France, 1648–88. CUP Archive. p.564. ISBN 978-0-521-04544-5. King Jan III Sobieski avoided waging war on his own territory, and with the emperor’s and papal money, he financed an expedition that opened up several possibilities for the Republic of Poland, which, however, were not properly used.

We are now on our March towards Hungary; taking the Advantage of their Distraction, to Defeat the Remainder of their scatter'd Troops, and Surprize Gran or Newheufell. I have all the Princes of the Empire my Companions in this Enterprise, who tell me they are ready to follow such a Leader not only into Hungary, but to the End of the World. Maximilián Saský dědičný princ Saska ∞ Princezna Karolína Marie Tereza Parmská (potomek krále Stanislava I. Leszczyńského) I have Presented the Turkish Standard to His Holyness, who was Instrumental no less by His Money, than His Prayers, to their Overthrow. The Prime Vizor's Horse with all his Trappings, I reserv'd for my self; And tho he was so Fortunate in his Flight to Escape us, yet his Caymecam, or Lieutenant-General, with some of the most Considerable Bassa's [Pashas] fell by our Swords; But the approaching Night put a Stop to our Pursuit, and their Slaughter. Those Janizaries which were left behind in the Mines and Trenches, we thought not worth the dulling of our Swords, therefore we made but one Funeral Pile for 'em all, and Burnt 'em. Personally, I've become a bit of a bagel snob, after spending a year in Manhattan for grad school and discovering the joys of fresh, chewy bagels. My favorite ones come from the legendary H&H Bagels bakery on the West Side, which I was thrilled to discover are also available from at least one DC deli counter. I still get nostalgic and cave in to those squishy grocery-store bagels from time to time, but they really only taste good as a canvas for cream cheese.

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a b Clare, Israel (1876), The Centennial Universal History: A Clear and Concise History of All Nations, with a Full History of the United States to the Close of the First 100 Years of Our National Independence., J. C. McCurdy & Co., p.252 Only after the fall of the USSR and the new accessibility of Mitteleuropa did our two authors investigate their respective family histories, each visiting not only a variety of archive collections but also many of the dots on the map from which so much had emanated.

a b Drane, Augusta (1858), The Knights of st. John: with The battle of Lepanto and Siege of Vienna., Burns and Lambert, p.136 Sobieski, therefore, though always an admirer of France, shifted away from the French alliance and concluded a treaty with the Holy Roman emperor Leopold I against the Turks (April 1, 1683). By the terms of the treaty, each ally had to support the other with all his might if the other’s capital were to be besieged. Thus, when a great Turkish army approached Vienna late in the summer of 1683, Sobieski himself rushed there with about 25,000 men. Because he had the highest rank of all military leaders gathered to relieve Vienna, he took command of the entire relief force (about 75,000 men) and achieved a brilliant victory over the Turks at the Kahlenberg (September 12, 1683), in one of the decisive battles of European history. English translation: John III, by the grace of God King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania, Ruthenia, Prussia, Masovia, Samogitia, Livonia, Smolensk, Kyiv, Volhynia, Podlasie, Severia, and Chernihiv, etc.Salvandy, Histoire de Pologne avant et sous le roi Jean Sobieski (two volumes, new edition, Paris, 1855) S milovanou Máriou Kazimírou, ním často nazývanou „Marysieńka“, sa zosobášil až po smrti Jana Zamoyského začiatkom mája roku 1665 (iba týždeň po smrti Zamoyského). 5. júla 1655 sa uskutočnil aj oficiálny svadobný obrad, ktorý celebroval pápežský nuncius Antonio Pignatelli (neskorší pápež Inocent XII.). Manželstvo bolo šťastné a Ján Sobieski mal niekoľko detí, z ktorých sa štyri dožili dospelosti (traja synovia a jedna dcéra). In the beginning, there is a mention of the withdrawal of Turkish troops from the camp near Vienna and the abandonment of their tents and belongings, which happened thanks to God’s help. The Christian armies rejoiced while taking over these goods. This joy caused the army to bring wine and guns to the Turkish camp.