The English Soundtrack

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Since the emergence of the study of psychoacoustics in the 1930s, most lists of elements of music have related more to how we hear music than how we learn to play it or study it. C.E. Seashore, in his book Psychology of Music, [89] identified four "psychological attributes of sound". These were: "pitch, loudness, time, and timbre" (p.3). He did not call them the "elements of music" but referred to them as "elemental components" (p.2). Nonetheless, these elemental components link precisely with four of the most common musical elements: "Pitch" and "timbre" match exactly, "loudness" links with dynamics, and "time" links with the time-based elements of rhythm, duration, and tempo. This usage of the phrase "the elements of music" links more closely with Webster's New 20th Century Dictionary definition of an element as: "a substance which cannot be divided into a simpler form by known methods" [90] and educational institutions' lists of elements generally align with this definition as well. Perlovsky L. Music. Cognitive Function, Origin, And Evolution Of Musical Emotions. WebmedCentral PSYCHOLOGY 2011;2(2):WMC001494

Women are also underrepresented in orchestral conducting, music criticism/music journalism, music producing, and sound engineering. While women were discouraged from composing in the 19th century, and there are few women musicologists, women became involved in music education "...to such a degree that women dominated [this field] during the later half of the 19th century and well into the 20th century." [96] Further information: Origins of music and Prehistoric music Bone flute from Geissenklösterle, Germany, dated around c. 43,150–39,370 BP. [22] What is the definition of music? (What are the necessary and sufficient conditions for classifying something as music?) Stryker McGuire (2009-03-29). "This time I've come to bury Cool Britannia". The Observer. Archived from the original on 2013-09-06 . Retrieved 2012-04-06. Aung, Steven K. H.; Lee, Mathew H. M. (2004). "Music, Sounds, Medicine, and Meditation: An Integrative Approach to the Healing Arts". Alternative and Complementary Therapies. 10 (5): 266–270. doi: 10.1089/act.2004.10.266.

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Etymology and terminology In Greek mythology, the nine Muses were the inspiration for many creative endeavors, including the arts, and eventually became closely aligned with music specifically. English singer Ed Sheeran was the foremost folk-orientated artist of the 2010s; the Official Charts Company named him artist of the decade, with the most combined success in the UK album and singles charts in the 2010s. [53] Globally, Spotify named Sheeran the second most streamed artist of the decade. [53] London formed English-Irish pop boy band One Direction were one of the biggest teen idols of the 2010s. [ citation needed] Little Mix, a pop girl group and the winner of the eight series of the British version of The X Factor, established themselves as the UK's biggest girl group and one of the best-selling girl groups in the world. [54] [55] Immigration musical impact [ edit ]

Jessica Duchen. "Why the male domination of classical music might be coming to an end | Music". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 30 September 2021 . Retrieved 20 January 2016. Women Composers In American Popular Song". Parlorsongs.com. 25 March 1911. p.1. Archived from the original on 4 February 2019 . Retrieved 20 January 2016. See Morley (2013, pp.43–45) for a comprehensive table on all eight surviving flutes from the Geissenklösterle, Hohle Fels and Vogelherd cavesThe Baroque era of music took place from 1600 to 1750, as the Baroque artistic style flourished across Europe; and during this time, music expanded in its range and complexity. Baroque music began when the first operas (dramatic solo vocal music accompanied by orchestra) were written. During the Baroque era, polyphonic contrapuntal music, in which multiple, simultaneous independent melody lines were used, remained important (counterpoint was important in the vocal music of the Medieval era). German Baroque composers wrote for small ensembles including strings, brass, and woodwinds, as well as for choirs and keyboard instruments such as pipe organ, harpsichord, and clavichord. During this period several major music forms were defined that lasted into later periods when they were expanded and evolved further, including the fugue, the invention, the sonata, and the concerto. [47] The late Baroque style was polyphonically complex and richly ornamented. Important composers from the Baroque era include Johann Sebastian Bach ( Cello suites), George Frideric Handel ( Messiah), Georg Philipp Telemann and Antonio Lucio Vivaldi ( The Four Seasons). The Jessop Building houses study and rehearsal rooms, with dedicated specialist spaces including our historical instruments collection, ethnomusicology space and collection, music psychology lab and music technology lab. However, in the 1980s and 1990s, musicologists studying this perceived divide between "high" and "low" musical genres argued that this distinction is not based on the musical value or quality of the different types of music. [ citation needed] Rather, they argued that this distinction was based largely on the socioeconomics standing or social class of the performers or audience of the different types of music. [ citation needed] For example, whereas the audience for Classical symphony concerts typically have above-average incomes, the audience for a rap concert in an inner-city area may have below-average incomes. [ citation needed] Even though the performers, audience, or venue where non-"art" music is performed may have a lower socioeconomic status, the music that is performed, such as blues, rap, punk, funk, or ska may be very complex and sophisticated.