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The Ring o' Brodgar – Plumcake Mound". www.orkneyjar.com. Archived from the original on 27 April 2019 . Retrieved 28 May 2019. An Orcadian is a native of Orkney, a term that reflects a strongly held identity with a tradition of understatement. [214] Although the annexation of the earldom by Scotland took place over five centuries ago in 1472, some Orcadians regard themselves as Orcadians first and Scots second. [215] However in response to the national identity question in the 2011 Scotland Census, self-reported levels of Scottish identity in Orkney were in line with the national average. [216] This fragile landscape is vulnerable to incremental change. Physical threats to the monuments include visitor footfall and coastal erosion. The Kirkwall Cathedral is dedicated to St Magnus, an earl of Orkney who was murdered by his cousin. The cathedral was built in the mid 1100s and expanded twice.

The average annual rainfall varies from 850 millimetres (33in) to 940 millimetres (37in). [120] Winds are a key feature of the climate and even in summer there are almost constant breezes. In winter, there are frequent strong winds, with an average of 52 hours of gales being recorded annually. [121] A new report, published in September 2020, provided updates about several significant aspects of the economy: [163] The four main monuments, consisting of the four substantial surviving standing stones of the elliptical Stones of Stenness and the surrounding ditch and bank of the henge, the thirty-six surviving stones of the circular Ring of Brodgar with the thirteen Neolithic and Bronze Age mounds that are found around it and the stone setting known as the Comet Stone, the large stone chambered tomb of Maeshowe, whose passage points close to midwinter sunset, and the sophisticated settlement of Skara Brae with its stone built houses connected by narrow roofed passages, together with the Barnhouse Stone and the Watch Stone, serve as a paradigm of the megalithic culture of north-western Europe that is unparalleled.

Tullio Treves; Laura Pineschi (1997). The Law of the Sea: The European Union and Its Member States. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p.530. ISBN 978-90-411-0326-0. Archived from the original on 20 August 2020 . Retrieved 27 September 2018. Special Protection Areas SPA". Orkney Islands Council. Archived from the original on 6 August 2020 . Retrieved 25 November 2019. Ballin Smith, Beverley; Taylor, Simon; and Williams, Gareth (eds) (2007) West Over Sea: Studies in Scandinavian Sea-borne Expansion and Settlement Before 1300. Brill. ISBN 90-04-15893-6 GENUKI. "Genuki: Orkney Parishes and Islands, Orkney". www.genuki.org.uk. Archived from the original on 3 March 2021 . Retrieved 30 January 2021. Criterion (iv): The Heart of Neolithic Orkney is an outstanding example of an architectural ensemble and archaeological landscape that illustrate a significant stage of human history when the first large ceremonial monuments were built.

A local BBC radio station, BBC Radio Orkney, the local opt-out of BBC Radio Scotland, broadcasts twice daily, with local news and entertainment. [195] Orkney also had a commercial radio station, The Superstation Orkney, which broadcast to Kirkwall and parts of the mainland and also to most of Caithness [196] until its closure in November 2014. [197] MFR broadcasts throughout Orkney on an FM transmitter just outside Thurso. The community radio station Caithness FM also broadcasts to Orkney. [198] You can choose to travel to the islands by ferry or flight from a variety of destinations, with plenty of options available when you’re planning your visit. Highlights include Notland Castle, Knap of Howar (farmstead predating the Pyramids), Viking house, heritage center, puffins, rural life Notland Castle, Westray Island Sanday

Other attractions in Kirkwall include the Orkney Museum and the Wireless Museum. Things to do in Orkney, Scotland – mainland attractions Duffy, Christopher (2003) The 45: Bonnie Prince Charlie and the Untold Story of the Jacobite Rising. London. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 0-304-35525-9 Main article: Mainland, Orkney Stromness on the Mainland is the second-largest settlement in Orkney.

The Mainland is the largest island of Orkney. Both of Orkney's burghs, Kirkwall and Stromness, are on this island, which is also the heart of Orkney's transport system, with ferry and air connections to the other islands and to the outside world. The island is more heavily populated (75% of Orkney's population) than the other islands and has much fertile farmland. The Mainland is split into areas called East and West Mainland. These areas are determined by whether they lie east or west of Kirkwall. The bulk of the mainland lies west of Kirkwall, with comparatively little land east of Kirkwall. a b National Records of Scotland (15 August 2013). "Appendix 2: Population and households on Scotland's Inhabited Islands" (PDF). Statistical Bulletin: 2011 Census: First Results on Population and Household Estimates for Scotland Release 1C (Part Two) (PDF) (Report). SG/2013/126 . Retrieved 14 August 2020. Newark Beach: long stretch of white sand beach with a walk to Point of Ayre. Great for birdwatching

The Maphill difference

Meashowe is considered one of the best-preserved chambered cairns. It survived from 5000 years ago, enabling us to discover its prehistoric design. Lo Bao, Phil and Hutchison, Iain (2002) BEAline to the Islands. Kea Publishing. ISBN 978-0-9518958-4-9 Ferries serve both to link Orkney to the rest of Scotland, and also to link together the various islands of the Orkney archipelago. Ferry services operate between Orkney and the Scottish mainland and Shetland on the following routes: Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference