Organization Theory: Modern, Symbolic, And Postmodern Perspectives

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Cultural Values: these are also known as our moral codes. They are specific principles that individuals within a culture follow and believe in.

The contingency theory: The contingency model theory, developed by Fred Fiedler, explains that group performance is a result of interaction between the style of the leader and the characteristics of the environment in which the leader works. There are three perspectives, collectively known as multiple perspectives which help to analyse and understand organizations. These include the modern, symbolic interpretive and post modern perspectives.Thoroughly restructured and revised to reflect the most recent developments in organization theory. Defined the duties of a chief executive as: Planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting and budgeting. a b c d e Gingrich, Paul. 14 October 1999. " Rationalization and Bureaucracy." Introduction to Social Theory [Sociology 250]. Regina: University of Regina.

Even though technologies such as telephone and internet can be used to communicate, face to face communication is perceived as being the best mode of communication. For example, humans are no longer needed to make some decisions. For instance, a computer can give a quiz and determine your score, without anyone actually having to interact with the machine. Tolbert, Pamela S., and Richard H. Hall. Organizations: Structures, Processes, and Outcomes. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2009.These resources dependencies can be controlled by buffering (making sure that you have enough resources to survive any conflict or transition period with suppliers) and boundary spanning (‘keeping your enemies at a close distance’). Culture: this can be seen in the form of norms, laws and values and occurs through normative pressures. Clear, comprehensive coverage of the key topics is delivered through the author's characteristically engaging style to immerse students and stimulate active engagement with the subject. Weber tended to offer a teleological argument with regard to bureaucracy. Weber's idea of bureaucracy is considered teleological to the extent that he posits that bureaucracies aim to achieve specific goals. Weber claimed that bureaucracies are goal-oriented organizations that use their efficiency and rational principles to reach their goals. [25] A teleological analysis of businesses leads to the inclusion of all involved stakeholders in decision-making. [26] The teleological view of Weberian bureaucracy postulates that all actors in an organization have various ends or goals, and attempt to find the most efficient way to achieve these goals. [21] Criticism [ edit ] When analyzing the organization and its environment, the different areas of the general environment don’t all have to be used for the analysis - only what is most important for your case.

Some locations have specific reputations and theorists from the symbolic interpretive perspective describe this in terms of place versus space. Environmental uncertainty is calculated by the amount of complexity (the range and amount of elements in the environment and rate of change (the speed at which these elements changes). For example, if there is a low rate of change, and low amount of complexity, then the environment is seen to have a low amount of uncertainty.

Summary

When there is high task analyzability and low task variability, routine technology is apparent. This usually involves long linked technology. For example, administrative work.